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Recycling Testing of Nonwoven Fabrics: How to Assess the Purity and Performance of Recyclable Materi

2025-08-11 08:27:02

I. Industry Challenges in Nonwoven Recycling

1.Material Contamination Issues

Commercial nonwovens often contain 3-5 polymer types (PP/PE/PET, etc.), with traditional sorting error rates reaching 30%.

Case Study: In 2023, a recycling company scrapped an entire batch of products due to PET contamination in PP recycled materials, causing a melting temperature mismatch (260°C vs. 160°C).

2.Performance Degradation Risks

Each recycling cycle reduces the average molecular weight of polypropylene fibers by 15% and decreases elongation at break by 40%.

II. Key Testing Indicators and Advanced Technologies

Testing Aspect

Technology

Standard

Equipment Cost

Component Purity

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR)

Single polymer content ≥95%

¥500,000-800,000

Melt Index Variance

Melt Flow Index Tester (GB/T 3682)

Difference vs. virgin material <10%

¥150,000

Fiber Length

Dynamic Image Analysis (ISO 16072)

Retained length >5mm ≥60%

¥1.2 million

Harmful Residues

GC-MS (EU REACH testing)

Plasticizers <0.1%, heavy metals <50ppm

¥2 million/year

Innovative Solutions:

TOMRA Sorting System (Germany): AI recognition + high-pressure air jets, achieving 99.2% purity.

CAS Institute Fluorescent Tagging: Identifies PP/PET blend ratios in 30 seconds.

III. Performance Evaluation System for Recycled Nonwovens

1.Mechanical Performance Benchmarks (vs. virgin material):

Tensile strength retention ≥80%

Bursting strength retention ≥70%

2.Hygiene and Safety Requirements:

Medical-grade: Must pass ISO 10993 biocompatibility tests.

Consumer-grade: Formaldehyde emission <75mg/kg (GB 18401 Class B).

3.Process Compatibility:

Hot-air bonding temperature fluctuation range <±5°C (±3°C for virgin material).

Case Study:

A brand using 100% recycled PP nonwovens for shopping bags faced a 35% drop in heat-seal strength due to 12% excess melt index, resulting in customer claims.

IV. Technological Breakthroughs in the Circular Economy

1.Molecular-Level Recycling (Toray, Japan):

Depolymerization-repolymerization process enables recycled PET to match virgin material performance.

Cost: 40% higher than traditional recycling but reduces carbon emissions by 60%.

2.Blockchain Traceability:

Alibaba Cloud's "Recycle Chain" records batch-wise testing data, enabling 15-20% price premiums.

3.Policy Drivers:

EU mandates 30% recycled content in nonwovens by 2025.

China's "14th Five-Year Plan for Circular Economy" offers 10% tax rebates for recycled fiber enterprises.


Tags: Recycled fibers, Sorting technology, Circular economy